#斯賓諾莎哲學 #啟發了愛因斯坦的哲學家 📣留言加分享本貼文就有機會抽《不馴的異端》一本 📅參加抽獎活動時間為期一週：2024.5.3 - 2024.5.10 👍 感謝 麥田出版 的熱情贈書 - 加入頻道會員，實際行動支持超級歪創作更多影片： youtube.com/channel/UCAM7yIYvZGYLJR6z6RqLlNw/join - 「自由的人最少想到死，他的智慧不是關於死的默想，而是對於生的沉思。」—《倫理學》第四部分 “A free man thinks of nothing less than of death, and his wisdom is a meditation, not on death, but on life.” - Spinoza, Ethics 「凡是僅僅由自身本性的必然性而存在，行動僅僅由它自身決定的東西，就叫做自由。反之，一個事物的存在或行動是按一定方式被外在於自己的東西給決定的，便叫做必然或受限制。」 — 斯賓諾莎《倫理學》定義7 “That thing is called 'free,' which exists solely by the necessity of its own nature, and of which the action is determined by itself alone. On the other hand, that thing is necessary, or rather constrained, which is determined by something external to itself to a fixed and definite method of existence or action.” - Spinoza, Ethics